Born on November 10, 1932, in Orange, NJ, Scheider studied at Rutgers and at Franklin and Marshall College in Lancaster, PA, where he graduated as a history major with the intention of going to law school. He served three years in the U.S. Air Force, rising to the rank of first lieutenant. When he was discharged, he returned to Franklin and Marshall to star in a production of Richard III.
With 70 feature films to his credit, Scheider earned Oscar nominations for his performances in the 1971 crime thriller The French Connection and for All That Jazz in 1979. He was best known for his role in Steven Spielberg's 1975 blockbuster Jaws, in which he played the resort police chief whose beach town is terrorized by a great white shark. His other film credits included Klute, Marathon Man and Still of the Night. In the 1990s, Scheider starred in the futuristic undersea adventure series SeaQuest DSV, playing the captain of a giant, high-tech submarine. The NBC show was executive produced by Spielberg.
In addition to his wife, Scheider is survived by three children and two grandchildren.